An economist by training, Kallas began his career as president of the Bank of Estonia in 1991, where he played a key role in the country’s monetary reform. In 1994, he founded the liberal-democratic Reform Party and was elected to the Estonian parliament the following year, becoming foreign affairs minister.
Kallas was an influential figure in Estonia’s European journey: After his appointment as foreign minister, he led Estonia’s bid to join the EU. He served as prime minister in 2002, when the country completed negotiations to become a member and received an invitation to join NATO.
“Through his public career, [Kallas] helped shape Estonia’s EU path and key European policies,” the Commission wrote on social media, offering “condolences to his family, colleagues, and friends.”
His daughter, Kaja Kallas, served as Estonia’s youngest-ever prime minister from 2021 to 2024. She is now the EU’s High Representative for Foreign Affairs for Commission President Ursula von der Leyen’s second term.
This story has been updated.













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