Douglas XTB2D Sky Pirate: What Is It?

Douglas XTB2D Skypirate – a torpedo prototype developed by Douglas Aircraft Company during World War II. Skypirate did not enter mass production despite its innovative design. It had good capabilities, but the change in naval warfare and advances in aviation technology prevented it from being produced. This article explains the history, the design, and the legacy of the XTB2D Skypirate. A fascinating “what if” in aviation’s annals.

Background on the Need for a New Torpedo Bomber

In the early 1940s, the US Navy sought to increase its offensive capabilities by investing in a new generation of aircraft that could be flown from its growing fleet of larger aircraft carriers. Torpedo bombers from that era, such as the Douglas TBD Devastator and Grumman TBF Avenger, had a lot to offer. However, they were vulnerable to opposing anti-aircraft guns and sophisticated fighters.

In 1942, the Navy requested proposals (RFPs) from manufacturers of torpedo aircraft with improved range, payload capacity, and versatility. The Midway aircraft carrier, which was under construction at the time and featured larger flight decks and improved support for heavier planes, was to use these aircraft. 

Douglas Aircraft Company created the XTB2D Skypirate, designed to meet Navy requirements.

Design and Development

Conceptual Objectives

Skypirate was conceived as a high-performance, long-range torpedo plane that could transport an unheard-of payload consisting of four torpedoes or a combination of bombs with other ordnance. This design took advantage of the new Midway Class carriers, which were able to accommodate bigger and heavier aircraft.

Engineering and Features

The XTB2D Skypirate, a one-engine low-wing monoplane powered by a Pratt & Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major radial, featured one of the world’s strongest piston engines. This air-cooled 28-cylinder turbojet engine generated 3,000 horsepower.

Key Features of the XTB2D Include:

Military and Payload

• The aircraft could carry as many as four Mk 13-type torpedoes.
• It could also be equipped with depth charges, bombs, and auxiliary tanks, making it versatile for different mission profiles.

Defensive Armament

• Skypirate had defensive armament, which included a tail gun turret equipped with two .50-caliber machine guns as well as dorsal-ventral cannon positions.

Landing Gear

• This aircraft used a sturdy tricycle landing system which, at the time, was uncommon for carrier-based aircraft. It improved both takeoff and handling performance on the ground.

Crew:

• The Skypirate required a crew of three: a pilot, a navigator/bombardier, and a rear gunner.

Construction

Douglas developed two prototypes as part of the Navy’s contract. They were designated XTB2D-1. The first model was built in 1945, and testing on the ground began soon after. This aircraft, despite its large dimensions and high weight, performed admirably in the initial trials.

Specifications and Performance

The XTB2D Skypirate’s technical specifications highlight the advanced capabilities of this aircraft:

• Length: 54 feet 8 inches (16.66