India’s concessions in its agreement with the U.K. were achieved due to the flexibility granted in the agricultural sector, which remained largely protected from British products, according to an official. “For all its faults, [the U.K.] understands India and Indians better.”
Almost half of the Indian population rely on agriculture for their livelihood, with farmers forming a powerful voting bloc with significant political influence. In 2021, farmer protests led Prime Minister Narendra Modi to retract agricultural reforms and apologize.
Former Indian officials and experts have mentioned that U.S. tariffs on India were not retribution for purchasing Russian oil, as Trump claimed, but for India’s refusal to allow U.S. food products to dominate the market.
“The interests of our farmers are top priority. India will never compromise on the interests of its farmers, dairy farmers and fishermen,” Modi asserted.
However, these differences now pose a threat to the EU-India relationship before it fully develops.
“The Europeans could learn from the British,” the Indian official commented. “They left out dairy, chicken, and apples from the deal,” listing items particularly vital to India. “In return, we allowed them to introduce salmon, cod, and lamb.” The official hinted that India might consider reducing tariffs on cars and wine if agriculture remained untouched: “In liquor, luxury cars, and wine, there is always room, as it doesn’t impact our most vulnerable people.”
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